Protocol census · what agencies carry

Where agencies split

21 medications are on nearly every protocol. 24 more are on a quarter to three quarters of them: that is where agencies disagree.

Share of 170 agencies whose protocol lists it as a medication.

RareSplitNearly allCore kit21 drugs, e.g. epinephrineKetaminePain, sedation, agitation84%Cyanide antidoteSmoke-inhalation poisoning60%NorepinephrineBlood pressure in shock48%RSI paralyticParalysis for a breathing tube46%AntibioticsSepsis, open fractures31%BuprenorphineStarts opioid-withdrawal care17%0%25%50%75%100%

Formulary size

Medications each protocol lists: median 35, most 67, across 170 agencies.

6424102233312811114310102030405060median 35

Every medication named by 3+ agencies; blood and procedures come later

MedicationLists it
Epinephrine95%
Atropine94%
Fentanyl94%
Midazolam93%
Sodium bicarbonate92%
Diphenhydramine89%
Albuterol89%
Nitroglycerin89%
Ondansetron89%
Naloxone88%
Aspirin88%
Dextrose86%
Lidocaine86%
Ketamine84%
Magnesium sulfate84%
Amiodarone82%
Glucagon82%
Adenosine80%
Tranexamic acid79%
Ipratropium78%
Acetaminophen75%
Calcium chloride72%
Morphine67%
Ketorolac61%
Methylprednisolone61%
Hydroxocobalamin58%
Diltiazem55%
Diazepam54%
Oral glucose52%
Norepinephrine48%
Calcium gluconate44%
Rocuronium44%
Ibuprofen43%
Lorazepam43%
Pralidoxime42%
Etomidate41%
Dexamethasone38%
Dopamine34%
Droperidol32%
Labetalol31%
Haloperidol31%
Succinylcholine31%
Oxytocin29%
Tetracaine28%
Furosemide25%
Racemic epinephrine24%
Promethazine23%
Vecuronium22%
Cefazolin22%
Metoprolol22%
Hydromorphone19%
Activated charcoal19%
Hydrocortisone19%
Oxymetazoline15%
Thiamine15%
Ceftriaxone14%
Olanzapine14%
Buprenorphine13%
Metoclopramide13%
Sodium thiosulfate13%
Verapamil12%
Prednisone11%
Proparacaine11%
Phenylephrine11%
Terbutaline11%
Vasopressin11%
Nerve agent antidote kit9%
Procainamide9%
Levetiracetam8%
Nicardipine8%
Famotidine7%
Prochlorperazine7%
Esmolol6%
Heparin6%
Hydralazine6%
Sodium nitrite6%
Ziprasidone6%
Nifedipine5%
Propofol5%
Buprenorphine-naloxone5%
Cefepime5%
Insulin5%
Levalbuterol5%
Methylene blue5%
Calcium4%
Albuterol-ipratropium4%
Hypertonic saline4%
Misoprostol4%
Salbutamol4%
Cetirizine3%
Enoxaparin3%
Mannitol3%
Clopidogrel2%
Dobutamine2%
Heparin sodium2%
Magnesium sulphate2%
Phenytoin2%
Piperacillin-tazobactam2%
Ticagrelor2%
Bumetanide2%
Clonidine2%
Dimenhydrinate2%
Hydrocortisone succinate2%
Hydroxycobalamin2%
Loperamide2%
Pancuronium2%
Phenobarbital2%
Pyridoxine2%
Sodium nitroprusside2%
Tenecteplase2%

Census methodology · Data license